HUNTERTUTORING
← AP
Get startedBook tutoring

Exam Strategy

Open PDF

Statistics · AP · Inference for Categorical Data — Chi-Square

CED focus

Carrying Out a Chi-Square Test for Homogeneity or Independence

This topic is assessed on the AP Exam.

Multiple-choice tips

  • Match procedure to parameter and design before calculating.
  • Match χ² GOF vs homogeneity vs independence from the table setup.
  • Eliminate expected-count violations in MC.
  • Check whether a proportions z-test is inappropriate.
  • Identify which cells drive a large χ² in MC.

Free-response tips

  • Use State–Plan–Do–Conclude with conditions and context throughout.
  • State hypotheses about distributions or association in words.
  • Show expected counts or use calculator χ² output with labels.
  • Conclude about the population in context.
  • Link conclusion back to the research question.

Common traps

  • ‘Accept H₀’ wording or skipping conditions
  • Using a z-test when χ² is required
  • Skipping expected-count condition
  • Confusing homogeneity and independence wording

Quick checklist

  • [ ] Can choose the correct χ² procedure
  • [ ] Can check expected counts
  • [ ] Can conclude about association in context

For your personal study only. Copying, printing, screenshotting, or sharing this material is not permitted and may result in loss of access.

Back to 8.6